Will they pray Full or Qasr Prayers during their 4 extra days? Explain your answer. Page 12. Fiqh Boys. Page 10.11 madressa
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.1 www.madressa.net FIQH SYLLABUS ΠCLASS 10 (13 YEARS OLD) TOPIC 1: PREPARATION FOR SALAAT TOPIC 2: THE MUNAFIYAT OF SALAAT TOPIC 3: SALAAT ΠE ΠQASR TOPIC 4: SALAAT ΠE ΠQASR ΠWORKED EXAMPLES TOPIC 5: SHAKIYAAT-E- SALAAT ΠCASES OF DOUBTS TOPIC 6: SHAKIYAAT-E- SALAAT ΠCASES OF DOUBTS TOPIC 7: SHAKIYAAT-E-SA LAAT ΠSALAAT-E-EHTIYAT TOPIC 7: SHAKIYAAT-E- SALAAT ΠSAJDAH-E-SAHV TOPIC 8: SALAAT ΠE ΠAYAAT TOPIC 8: METHOD OF RE CITING SALAAT ΠE ΠAYAAT TOPIC 9: SALAATE EIDAIN РEID PRAYERS TOPIC 10: METHOD OF RECITI NG SALAATE EIDAIN РEID PRAYERS TOPIC 11A: RADD ΠE ΠMADHALIM & LUQATA: TOPIC 11: EHKAME MAYYIT РINTRODUCTION & SAKARAAT TOPIC 12: EHKAME MAYYIT ΠJUST AFTER DEATH TOPIC 13-14: EHKAME MAYYIT ΠGHUSL TOPIC 15: EHKAME MAYYIT ΠHUNOOT TOPIC 16: EHKAME MAYYIT ΠKAFAN TOPIC 17: EHKAME MA YYIT ΠSALAATE MAYYIT TOPIC18: EHKAME MAYYIT РVISITING THE GRAVEYARD (ZIYARATE QUBOOR) & SALAATE WAHSHAT TOPIC 19-23: AQAID ΠLESSONS TOPIC 24-25: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES My Fiqh Teacher is _______________________________________ Phone Number ____ ___________________________
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.2 www.madressa.net TOPIC 1: PREPARATION FOR SALAAT Before you start your Salaat you must prepare yourself. This is known as MUQADDAMATUS-SALAAT . There is a checklist to remember this. It goes QWIPTC (pronounced kweepts) and stands for: Q = QIBLAH W = WUDHOO I = INTENTION (Niyyat) P = PLACE T = TIME C = CLOTHES Before starting the Salaat, we must prepare ourselves in the following manner
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.3 www.madressa.net TOPIC 2: THE MUNAFIYAT OF SALAAT Munafiyat of Salaat are things that invalidate Salaat There are 12 things that can make your Salaat Batil (invalid). If any of these things happen, you will have to offer your prayers again. Things That Invalidate Salaat 1135 Π1164 Make me chips, Mum!! Ameen How many rakaats have I prayed in this Subh salaat
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.4 www.madressa.net Some Munafiyat Explained Anything That Makes Wudhu Batil 1136 Œ 1138 It makes no difference whether it happened intentionally or by mistake. Actions that make wudhu batil are: – Going to the toilet; whether to pass urine or faeces. – Passing wind from the rear. (stomach wind) – Sleeping. – Becoming unconscious. Turning Away From The Qiblah 1140 Happens intentionally Œ Salaat is Batil Happens by mistake and you remember it after the time of Salaat Œ no Qadha. Speaking Intentionally 1141 Œ 1159 Intentionally utter a word Œ Salaat Batil Clearing one’s throat Œ does NOT make Salaat Batil. If someone says Salaamun Alaykum then t he person praying should reply with the same phrase and say Salaamun Alaykum Laughing Intentionally 1160 Even if you feel like laughing but control yourself forcefully until your face turns red, you have to pray again. That Which Can™t Be Called Salaat 1161 Œ 1162 Any act that changes the form of Salaat, regardless of whether it was done intentionally or by mistake. Moving the arms or even indicating so mething to someone with your hands will not make the Salaat batil (invalid). SALAAT SHOULD BE PERFORMED WITH PRESENCE OF MIND AND HEART
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.5 www.madressa.net TOPIC 3: SALAAT Œ E Œ QASR A traveller has to reduce the Rakaats in Zuhr, Asr and Isha prayers, that is, he should perform two Rak’ats instead of four , subject to the seven conditions mentioned below. 7 Conditions To Be Fulfilled For Salaat-E-Qasr To Apply 1. TOTAL Travelling Distance covered is 28 miles or more 2. Town/City Boundary Œ HADDE TARAK KHUS – The traveller should be out of the boundary of the town or city. 3. Niyyat – Before starting the journey, there must be a firm intention (Niyyat) of travelling 28 miles or more. 4. Purpose of Journey – The journey should not be for a Haraam purpose. 5. Length of Stay – The intention (Niyyat) to stay must be for less than 10 days. 6. Destination – The destination should not be to a place which the traveller has made his/her hometown Œ WATAN. 7. Journey Frequency – The travelling is NOT the normal journey which a person does on account of work. How The 17 Rakaats Are Reduced PRAYER RAKAATS RECITED DAILY RAKAATS RECITED BY TRAVELLER Fajr 2 2 Zuhr 4 2 Asr 4 2 Maghrib 3 3 Isha 4 2 Total 17 11 The Niyyat for all the Salaat is the same as usual except that you will add Qasr to it and change the number of Rakaat where required. E.g. for Maghrib : I am praying 3 Rakaat Maghrib Qasr Wajib Qurbatan ilallah E.g. for Eisha: I am praying 2 Rakaat Eisha Qasr Wajib Qurbatan ilallah It is recommended that a traveller should say thirty (30) times after every prayer: “Subhanallahi walhamdu lillahi wala ilaha illallahu wallahu Akbar” To recite dua after – Dhohr, Asr and Isha Salaat is highly recommended; and to recite the above sixty (60) times rather than thirty (30) after these three prayers.
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.7 www.madressa.net Details on the conditions to be fulfilled. 1. The travelling distance should not be less than 28 miles total: If a total of outward journey and return is 26 miles or 44 kms, even if the single journey each does not equal 14 miles. S/he should shorten her prayers. Therefore, if his/her outward journey is 12 miles, and his/her return is 16 miles or vice versa, s/he should offer shortened prayers, i.e. all 4 Rakaats. Prayers reduce to 2 Rakaats.(calculate the k/m accordingly) If a person is not sure whether the distance is 28 miles than s/he will pray Salaat in full The travelling distance is counted, starting from the point one crosses HADDE TARAK KHUS 2. The traveller should be out of the boundary of the town or city ΠHADDE TARAK KHUS HADDE TARAK KHUS is the name given to that to that place where the boundary of the town or city ends. It can be determined by one of the following ways: The place where the fort of a town or city is built. The place where the council has placed a Sign Board indicating the beginning or ending of the town or city. The place where people of the city do not see the traveller and its signs is, when he does not see them. If the traveller is not sure if s/ he has entered Hadde-Tarak khus or not. Salaat has to be offered in full, in the same way, if s/he is not sure if s/he has entered Hadde-Tarak khus on his/ her journey back, Qasr Salaat should be offered. 3. Before starting the journey, ther e must be a firm intention (Niyyat) of travelling 28 miles or more. The intention should be firm. 4. The journey should not be Haraam or for a Haraam purpose. The journey is counted as being for a Haraam purpose. If one travels to perform an act which is forbidden in Islamic Shariah. e.g. if someone travels for stealing, for attending a music party, etc. In such events one has to offer full Salaat. The same rule applies when the journey itself is Haraam, like when a child travels despite refusal from parents or a wife travels without the permission of her husband. However, if such a journey is wajib, e.g. Going to Hajj, then Qasr Salaat is prayed. If a person does not travel for a Haraam purpose nor is his/her journey Haraam, s/he will offer Qasr Salaat even if s/he commits sins on the journey like, backbiting etc.
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.8 www.madressa.net 5. The intention (Niyyat) to stay must be for less than 10 days. Masail 1345: If a traveller intends to stay at a place for ten days. It is not necessary that his intention should be to stay there during the fi rst night or the eleventh night. And as soon as he determines that he will stay there from sunrise on the first day up to sunset of the tenth day, he should offer full prayers. Same will apply if, for exam ple, he intends staying there from noon of the first day up to noon of the eleventh day. if the traveller intends to stay for less than 10 days in a place, and unexpectedly s/he has to stay for more than 10 days. e.g. is s/he does not get confirmation for leaving from the travel agents, then s/he can continue praying Qasr for as long as s/he is certain. However, after 30 days stay, she must pray Salaat in full even if s/he is sure s/he will be leaving in a day. One who travels for 10 days a month / 60 days in 6 months / 120 days in a year is considered a frequent traveller (Kathirus Safar) and should, therefore offer complete Salaat everywhere throughout the year and observe fast wherever they are 6. The destination should not be a place which the traveller has made his hometown Œ watan The place which a person chooses for hi s/her living is his/her watan, e.g. hometown. Whether s/he was born there or not, whether it is his/her parent™s hometown or not, does not matter when determining the watan. If a person makes two places his/her hometowns, e.g. if s/he stays in one place for six months and then another place for the next six months, both places are his/her watan. In fact, even if there are more than two places, they can be his/her watans. If a person goes for less than 10 days to a place which was his/her watan sometimes back, s/he should pray Qasr Salaat even if s/he has not yet made another place his/her watan. 7. The travelling is not the norma l journey which a person does on account of profession. The travellers work should not be such that s/he has to travel all the time, e.g. a driver, people working on ships, trains, planes, etc. These people have to offer Salaat in full. In the same way, if a person has to travel very far for his/her work, either daily or every other day s/he will pray Salaat in full. i.e. 10 journeys a month he will be called a frequent traveller. When people like drivers, pilots, ship captains and even nomads, make journeys that have nothing to do with their work, then they will pray Qasr Salaat, if all other conditions are applicabl e. e.g. if they travel for hajj or Ziyarat. In the same way, a person who drives a truck to make deliveries from London to Scotland daily and happens to go to Wales for a holiday for two days, s/he will pray Qasr Salaat M Œ 1316 Œ 1325
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.9 www.madressa.net OPTIONS IN HOLY PLACES A traveller is given an option of praying Qasr or Full Salaat in the following places: Masjidul Haraam (Ka™aba) and in the whole town of Mecca (House of God) Masjidatun Nabawi and the whole city of Medina. (Mosque of our Holy Prophet Muhammad (S) Masjide-e-Kufa and the whole city of Kufa. Haram of Imam Husain (A) up to the distance of 25 arm lengths from the sacred tombs OTHER MATTERS REGARDING SALAAT-E-QASR Masails: M Œ 1351 If a traveller decides to stay at a place for ten days and abandons the idea before offering one Salaat consisting of 4 Rakaats, or becomes undecided, he should pray Qasr. But, if he abandons the idea of staying there after having offered one Salaat consisting of 4 Rakaats, or wavers in his intention, he should offer full prayers as long as he is at that place. M Œ 1352 If a person who has determined to stay at a place for ten days, keeps a fast and abandons the idea of staying there after Dhohr, if he has offered one Salaat consisting of 4 Rakaats, his fast for that day and as long as he is there, would be valid, and he should offer full prayers. And if he has not offered a Salaat consisting of 4 Rakaats, the fast kept by him on that day should be, as a precaution, continued and its Qadha be given later. He will then pray Qasr, and will not fast in the remaining days. M Œ 1366 If a person, who knows that he is travelling, and should offer Qasr prayers, intentionally offers full prayers at places other than the four mentioned above, his prayers are void. And the same rule applies, if he forgets that a traveller must offer Qasr prayers, and prays full. However, if he prays full forgetting that a traveller should offer shortened prayers, and remembers after the time has lapsed, it is not necessary for him to give Qadha. M Œ 1367 If a person who knows that he is traveller, and should offer shortened prayers, offers full prayers by mistake, and realizes within the time for that Salaat, he should pray again. And if he realizes after the lapse of time, he should give Qadha as precaution. M Œ 1368 If a person does not know that he should shorten his prayers, and if he offers full prayers, his prayers are in order.
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Fiqh Boys Page 10.10 www.madressa.net M Œ 1371 If a person forgets that he is traveller and offers complete prayers, and if he remembers this within the time for prayers, he should pray Qasr, and if he realizes this after the time is over, it is not obligatory for him to offer Qadha of that prayer. M Œ 1376 If before the time of prayers lapses, a traveller who has not offered prayers reaches his hometown, or a place wher e he intends to stay for ten days, he should offer full prayers. And if a person who is not on a journey, does not offer prayers within its time, and then proceeds on a journey, he should offer the prayers during his journey in shortened form. M Œ 1377 If the Dhohr, Asr or Eisha prayers of a traveller, who should have offered Qasr prayers, becomes Qadha, he should perform its Qadha as Qasr, even if he gives Qadha at his hometown or while he is not travelling. And if a non-traveller makes one of the above three prayers Qadha, he should perform its Qadha as full, even if he may be travelling at the time he offers the Qadha. ACTIVITY Œ QASR SALAAT: 1. Fatim had an intention to travel 10 m iles to a place, which we will call A. At A, she decided to travel further more to a place called B. The total journey came to 40 miles. a) Should she pray Qasr Sa laat or Full Salaat at A? b) Should she pray Qasr Sa laat or Full Salaat at B? In both cases, briefly explain your answer. 2. Zahra visits her brother Murtaza regularly. Murtaza lives 15 miles away from Zahra. Due to regular visiting, Zahra has found a shorter route while coming back home and saves 2 miles fr om the whole journey. On this particular occasion, Zahra will stay at Murtaza™s house for 7 days. Should Zahra pray Qasr Salaat or Full Salaat whilst staying at Murtaza™s house? Give reasons for your answer. 3. Some stolen property was being sold at a place 350 miles away. Anis decided to travel there and purchase the property. She stayed there for 2 days. Will s/he be required to pray Qasr during her stay? Explain your answer. 4. The Shia Ithna Asheri Madressa net ball team decided to go to Leeds for a tournament. Their intention was to stay there for a week. Will they be required to pray Qasr? 5. However, on their 7 th day their bus was cancelled and they had to stay there for 4 more days. Will they pray Full or Qasr Prayers during their 4 extra days? Explain your answer.
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