There is Fatima the daughter that her father called Umm Al Abiha (the mother of her father),. Fatima the wife for whom her husband Ali said “We lived like two
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Contents Page Introduction Timeline Sayyida Fatima Zahra (pbuh) Birth Childhood Fatima and her father Tasbee of Fatima Tasbee beads and their benefits 40 AHADITH from SAYYIDA FATIMA ZAHRA (pbuh) (Extracts from Khutba Fadakiyya included) Duas from Sahifatuz Zahra Appendix Suggested lesson plans Worksheets 1 2 6 6 7 7 8 9 10 11 12 15 15 15 16 19 23 2 4
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www.qfatima.com Page 1 SAYYIDA FATIMA (pbuh) There is Fatima the daughter that her father called Umm Al Abiha (the mother of her father), the mother of the Aimma, Fatima the teacher, Fatima the community wo rker, Fatima the upholder of truth and justice, Fatima the link between Nabuwwa (Prophet hood) and Imama (Leadership), (abundance of goodness). She was born in Makka on the 20 th died at the age of 18 years on the 14 th of Jamad ul Awwal 11 AH (632 CE), this awesome personality had left a legacy of freedom and justice. She is the ideal for all women in all their roles daughter, wife, mother, community member, teacherShe is an embodiment of moral features. Fatima (pbuh) proves that a Muslim woman can hold on to her dignity while taking part in social activities and preserve her nobility as a Muslim. Her involvem ent in social and political matters is evidence that in an Islamic society, women cannot remain indifferent and passive observers. No words can describe the phenomenal legacy that she has left behind in her 18 years Fatima and her sons will always be tho se who taught how to live the words of God revealed to Muhammad (pbuh).
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www.qfatima.com Page 2 Date Age Event 570 CE Aamul Feel Birth of Muhammad (pbuh) in Makka, to Amina bint Wahb and Abdullah bin Al – Muttalib on 17th Rabiul Awal Aamul Feel. (8th June 570 CE). 595 CE Marriage of Muhammad (pbuh) to Khadija bint Khuwaylad. (pbuh) 600 CE Ali (pbuh) was born to Fatima bint Asad and Abu Talib on 13 Rajab, 30th Aamul Feel, in the Ka’ba. 610 CE First Revelation (Be’that). Suratul Alaq 96:1 – 5 was revealed. The Prophet (pbuh) was 40 years old Ali (pbuh) was 10 years old. The Prophet proclaimed Prophethood in Ramadhan 40 Aamul Feel. 615 CE Birth One day after the Prophet (pbuh) had completed 40 days of meditation, as ordered by Allah in a revelation, food was sent to him from heaven with a message of Allah’s reward to him of a child. Khadija (pbuh) noticed a refreshing fragrance around her whilst she was pregnant with Fatima (pbuh). There was nobody willing to assist Khadija (pbuh) during childbirth, because they opposed her support to Muhammad (pbuh). Allah sent the souls of 4 ladies from heaven, who assisted her during her delivery. These were Sa ra, wife of Prophet Musa (pbuh), Aasiya, wife of Firaun, Maryam (pbuh), mother of Prophet Isa (pbuh) and Umme Kulthum, sister of Prophet Musa (pbuh). Fatima (pbuh) was born to Khadija (pbuh) and Muhammad (pbuh) on Friday 20th Jamaadul Aakher. Sayyida Khad ija (pbuh) said that “Fatima was born in a halo of radiance and light” Unlike what was customary in those days, Fatima (pbuh) was nursed personally by her mother. She was not given to a wet nurse. The name Fatima means weaning – one who will wean her follo wers from the fire of hell. 616 – 619 CE 1 – 3 yrs Embargo and boycott of Banu Hashim (Prophet’s family) by Quraysh. A boycott signed by 40 chiefs was implemented and hung onto the Ka’ba. Nobody was to trade with, have contact with or marry the families of Hashim & Muttalib, until they handed Muhammad (pbuh) over to the Quraysh. Abu Talib had no alternative but to take them to the valley called Sh’ib Abu Talib which he owned near Mount Hajun. For three years they lived there in economical and social isolatio n. They were forced to live in this ‘prison’ until loneliness, poverty and hunger would make them surrender to either the idols or to death. These days were very hard for them and very often they had to feed on leaves. The young Fatima was a witness. 620 CE Aamul Huzn 5 yrs Khadija dies Fatima (pbuh) cared for her mother who became very ill during their stay in Sh’ib Abu Talib. Khadija (pbuh) died on 10th Ramadhan three days after Abu Talib’s demise. 620 CE 5 yrs Umm Al Abiha (The mother of her father) Fa tima (pbuh) accompanied her father everywhere. She witnessed her father speak softly in the midst of a crowd of people and they in turn harshly sent him away. Fatima (pbuh) as a small child stood a short distance from the scene in Masjid al – Haram and watch ed when her
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www.qfatima.com Page 3 father was called names and beaten. She watched as he prostrated himself in the mosque and his enemies threw intestines of a sheep at him. With her small hands she would clean her father’s face and comfort him. It is because of this that he wou ld call her Umm al Abiha , the Whatever pleases her pleases me and whatever angers her, angers me.” Whenever she entered the room, he would stand for her. 622 CE 7 yrs Hijra Fatima (pbuh) also travels to Yathrib (Madina) to join Prophet Muh ammed (pbuh) who had left a few days earlier. She arrived in Quba on Thursday 15th Rabi ul Awwal. They entered Yathrib on Friday 16th Rabi ul Awwal (1 October 622 CE). She stays with the mother of Abu Ay yub Ansari in Madina. Huirath ibn Naqiz, one of the Quraysh enemies of the Prophet (pbuh) attacks her during the journey. She, her father (pbuh) and Ali (pbuh) were so scarred by this attack that even 8 years later at the conquest of Makka they sought him out. 624 CE 2 AH 9 yrs Marriage Proposals of marriage started coming for the hand of Fatima (pbuh). Each time a proposal came, she refused, When Ali (pbuh) came to seek her hand in marriage to the Prophet (pbuh), she accepted it with her silent smile. . On 1st DhulHijja, Fatima (pbuh) married Ali (pbuh). The mahr was 400 measures of silver. Muhammad (pbuh) escorted her to her house, placed her hand in the hand of Ali (pbuh) and entrusted his daughter to Ali (pbuh). They lived in a house by the mosque of Quba. Her father could not bear the separation from Fatima (pbuh) and he brought them to live in a house next to his. Its door o pened to the mosque – the windows faced each other, one from the house of Ali (pbuh) and the other from the house of Muhammad ( pbuh). Each day without exception, except when on a journey, the Prophet (pbuh) sought out Fatima (pbuh) and greeted her. 624 – 625 CE 2 – 3 AH 9 – 10 yrs The perfect wife something she me nor disobey me. In fact, whenever I looked at her all depression and 625 CE 3AH 10 yrs Nursing the wounded The Battles of Badr and Uhud were the earliest battles of Islam. Fatima (pbuh) was seen nursing the injured during the battles. When the war of Uhud came to an end and the enemy troops had left, the Prophet (pbuh), with an injured forehead and a broken tooth, was still in the field. Fatima (pbuh) rushed quickly to Uhud on foot. She cleaned her bleeding. She burnt a piece of mat and poured the ashes on the wound to stop the bleeding.
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www.qfatima.com Page 4 625 CE 3 AH 10 yrs Tasbee of Fatima Zahra (pbuh) Fatima (pbuh) grinds the wheat herself, brings water from outside, she is constantly working in the house. The Prophet (pbuh) observes this and visits her one day bringing a gift from Allah to overcome her difficulties and ha rdships. The Tasbee of Fatima Zahra (pbuh). He advises her to recite “Allahu Akber” thirty four times, followed by “Alhamdulillah” thirty three times and “Subhanallah” thirty three times. She made a tasbee by knotting blue wool. Later she would use the ea make clay beads. 625 CE 3 AH 10 yrs The link between Nabuwwa & Imama established with the birth of Hasan (pbuh) One year and a few months after they were married, Fatima (pbuh) gave birth to her first child on 15th Ramadhan 3 AH. He was The Prophet’s (pbuh) first grandchild. He named the child Hasan , as directed by Allah. He read the adhan in the infant’s right ear and iqama in the left ear, a custom which is followed to this day. On the 7th day, The Prophet (pbuh) performed the first aqiqa, when he cut the hair of Hasan (pbuh), gave silver in charity to the poor equal to the weight of the hair and sacrificed a ram. This has become the sunna since then. 626 CE 4 AH 11 yrs Birth of Husayn (pbuh) On 3rd Sha’ban 4 AH, 8 January 626, Fatima (pbuh) delivered her second child , another son. The Prophet (pbuh) was joyous on hearing the news, but at the same time was distressed on seeing him. He was aware of the oppression he would face and the hardships he would have to endure till he would be martyred. He named the infant Husayn as directed by Allah. 628 CE 7 AH 13 yrs The Gift of Fadak Following the Battle of Khaybar a piece of land called Fadak was gifted to Muhammad (pbuh) by one of the trib es. He gave this piece of land to his daughter Fatima (pbuh). 629 CE 7 AH 14 yrs Birth of Zaynab (pbuh) In the 5th yr of marriage Zaynab was born. She was the first female from the progeny of the Prophet (pbuh). He was aware of the difficulties she would face with Husayn (pbuh) and shed tears when he first held her. 630 CE 8 AH 15 yrs Birth of Umm Kulthum (pbuh) Fatima (pbuh) was present with her father and Ali (pbuh) when they entered Makka following the Conquest of Makka in January 630. She was able to visit all the places associated with her childhood and the memories of her mother. Later in 630 CE, a second daughter was born to Fatima (pbuh). She was named Umme Khulthum by her grandfather. 630 CE 8 AH 15 yrs Ayatul Tatheer On 23rd DhulHijja 630 the event of the cloak occurred. The narration is famously known as Hadith e Kisa , when Aya Tathir 33:33 was revealed in honour of Fatima, her father, her husband and her sons.
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www.qfatima.com Page 6 SAYYIDA FATIMA AL ZAHRA (pbuh) Grandfather : Abdullah ibn Abdul Muttalib Father : Muhammad ibn Abdullah Mother : Khadija bint Khwaylid Birth : Makka (some historians Titles : Zahr a (radiant), Zakiyya (pure ), Radhiyya (satisfied, content), Mardhiyya (pleasing), Siddiqa (honest), Tah era (pure), Batul (pure), Muhadditha, Umm Al Abeeha (mother of her father), Ummul Aimma (mother of the 11 Imams). Death : Madina Monday 3rd Jamadul Aakher 11 AH, 632 CE. Sayyida Fatima (pbuh) is an ideal to follow for women. She is the perfect daughter, wife, mother, community worker, teacher & upholder of justice. Fatim a (pbuh) was the only daughter of Muhammad (pbuh) and Khadija (pbuh) born on Friday before Hijra. He had lost 2 sons Qasim and Tahir, in infancy. After the loss o Wail, had ridiculed him about his inability to leave any progeny. Allah responded with the revelation of Suratul Kawther (108) informing him that he would be gifted with excessive bounties Muhammad (pbuh) was gifted with Fatima (pbuh) from whom there would be progeny like there never was before. Purity and excell ence in the Ahlul Bayt like could never have been imagined. Fatima (pbuh) is the promised Kawther. One day after the Prophet (pbuh) had completed 40 days of meditation as ordered by Allah in a revelation, food was sent to him from heaven with a message o f Allah’s reward to him of a child. Khadija (pbuh) noticed a refreshing fragrance around her whilst she was pregnant with Fatima (pbuh). She narrated that the baby spoke to her while still in her womb. When Khadija (pbuh) went into labour there was nob ody willing to assist her during childbirth, because they opposed her support to Muhammad (pbuh). Allah sent the souls of 4 ladies from heaven that assisted her during her delivery. These were Sara, wife of Prophet Musa (pbuh), Aasiya, wife of Firaun, Mary am (pbuh), mother of Prophet Isa (pbuh) and Umme Kulthum, sister of Prophet Musa (pbuh). Fatima (pbuh) was born to Khadija (pbuh) and Muhammad (pbuh) on Friday 20th Jamaadul Aakher in the house of of Khadija (pbuh) Unlike what was customary in those days, Fatima (pbuh) was nursed personally by her mother. She was not gi ven to a wet nurse. Th e Pro phet (pbuh) said that he named his daughter Fatima because she and her followers are protected from the fire.
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www.qfatima.com Page 8 She was about a year old when there was an e mbargo and boycott of Banu Hashim (Prophet’s family) by the Quraysh. A boycott signed by 40 chiefs was implemented and hung on Ka’ba. Nobody was to trade with, have contact with or marry the families of Hashim & Muttalib , until they handed Muhammad (pbuh) over to the Quraysh. Abu Talib had no alternative but to take them to the valley called Sh’ib Abu Talib which he owned near Mount Hajun. For three years they lived there in economical and social isolation. They came out only in Rajab and Dhul Hijja when any sort of violence was taboo. Sympathisers would sneak food in under the cover of night. The young Fatima (pbuh) suffered hunger and thirst in the hot desert sun. Fatima (pbuh ) cared for her mother who became very ill du ring their stay in Sh’ib Abu Talib. Soon after the embargo was lifted, Khadija (pbuh ) died on 10th Ramadhan thr ee days after Abu Talib died . Fatima (pbuh) was 5 years old . She was inconsolable but when her father tells her that her mum resides between the houses of Aasiya and Maryam, she replies that Allah is As Salaam (The peace giver) and peace will come from Him. Under divine instructions, the Prophet (pbuh) decided to emigrate to Medina. He was aware that the threat to his life was imminent and a plan to attack had been in place. He left unannounced by foot with Abu Bakr. He deputed Ali (pbuh) to stay behind for a possessions left with him in trust. Ali (pbuh) took his place in his bed during the night of the 7 year old Fatima (pbuh) and Ali (pbuh) were at sault at any given minute. As expected during that night a representative of e ach of the families surrounded the Prophet’s house and were determine d to attack and kill him. Fatima (pbuh) was in the house . Only Allah knows how scared and disturbed she was that lon g night, for she knew of their hatred for her father. At dawn, they attacked going to the Prophet’s bed intending to kill him, but were surprised to find Ali (pbuh) laying in it. They left feeling defeated but angry. Ali (pbuh) then took Fatima (pbuh), his mother and Fatima Bint Zubair Ibn Abdul – Muttalib out towards Medina. They arrived in Quba on Thursday 15th Rabiul Awwal where they were met by The Prophet (pbuh). T hey entered Yathrib on Friday 16th Rabi ul Awwal and stayed in the house of Abu Ayub Ansari. It is the mother of Abu Ayyub Ansari who looks after Fatima (pbuh) in those early days in Madina. The Battles of Badr and Uhu d were the earliest battles in the his tory of Islam. The Prophet ( pbuh) was injured in Uhud and a cry had falsely bee n raised that he had also been martyred . Fatima (pbuh) rushed to Uhud and nursed wounds on the battlefield. FATIMA AND HER FATHER The Prophet (pbuh) has said: henever Fatima stands at the altar of worship a light radiates from “Whoever pleased Fatima indeed pleased God. Whoever caused her to be angry has indeed angered God. Fatima is part of me. Whatever pleases her pleases me and wh atever angers her, angers me.” leader of all women from the beginning to the end. She is part of me, and the light of my eyes, she is the flower of my heart, and is my soul.whenever she
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www.qfatima.com Page 9 stands in the presence of her Rabb, her light illuminates the skies for the angels, like stars shine to Fatima (pbuh) accompanied her fat her everywhere. She witnessed her father speak softly in the midst of a crowd of people and they in turn harshly send him away. She would watch them abuse him verbally and physically throwing things at him. With little hands she would wipe his face and co mfort him holding his hand giving him peace and comfort. He called her Umm Al Abiha (the mother of her father). He would rise to greet and kiss her when she entered a room. Ayesha bint Abu Bakr speaking I have not seen a person more similar to the Prophet’s appearance, conduct, guidance and speech whether sitting or standing than Fatima. When she enters, the Messenger of Allah stands up, kisses and welcomes her, then takes her hand and asks her to sit in Even after s he got married she lived in a house next to his to enable him to enter into her house directly from his. Al Hakim narrates he would see was Fatima (pbuh) . When he returned from his travel the first person he would go to Proposals of marriage started coming for the hand of Fa tima (pbuh) . The Prophet (pbuh) was awaiting the command of Allah. When Ali (pbuh) came to seek her hand in marriage, he sat silently in front of the Prophet (pbuh) . Fatima (pbuh) accepted the proposal with her silence. All that Imam Ali (pbuh) owned wa s his armour. The Prophet (pbuh) ordered it to be sold and the money brought to him, which came to 500 dirhams. He divided the money into three parts; one part he gave to Bilal to buy perfume. The other two parts were put aside for buying clothes and h ousehold goods. It has been recorded that the trousseau bought with this money consisted of 18 pieces; some of which were: 1 large scarf 1 piece of dress material 1 bed made of wood and palm leaves. 4 Pillows of sheep skin filled with a sweet smelling 1 woollen curtain. 1 mat 1 hand mill 1 Leather water – skin 1 Copper wash – tub 1 Large container for milking 1 Large Green – coloured earthen pot (pitcher) O n the 1st Dhul Hijja, Fatima (pbuh) was married to Ali (pbuh). Fatima’s (pbuh ) marriage to Ali (pbuh) She is the daughter of The Prophet (pbuh) and the mother of all the Imams . T he Prophet had a new dress made for Fatima (as a gift) for her wedding. On her wedding night, The Prophet to give me an old dress
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www.qfatima.com Page 10 give freely of that which you love the most him her wedding dress. Jibrail comes to the ad! Allah sends His peace upon you. He commanded me to greet Fatima and give her the gift He sent her , which is a silk dress from Janna Fatima (pbuh) asked her father to request Allah (swt) to include as part of her mehr, her intercession on behalf of the Muslims on the day of Resurrection. It was then that Gibrael (pbuh) descended with a written decree: After their marriage they lived in a house by the mosque of Qub a. This was the first time father and daughter were separated. Fatima (pbuh) moved from the House of Nubuwat to the House of Imamat. Her father could not bear the separation from Fatima (pbuh) and he brought his Fatima (pbuh) and Ali (pbuh) to live in a ho use next to his, made with branches and palm leaves, just like his. It’s door opened to the mosque, wall to wall – two windows facing each other, one from the house of Ali (pbuh) and the other from the house of Muhammad (pbuh). Fatima (pbuh) and Ali (pbuh) were happy. Imam Ali (pbuh ) said: she died. Neither did she anger me or disobey me. In fact, whenever I looked at her all depression and sadnes TASBEE OF FATIMA Fatima (pbuh) grinds the wheat herself, brings water from outside, she is constantly working in the house. The Prophet (pbuh) observes this and visits her one day bringing a gift from Allah to overcome h er difficulties and hardships in the form of divine words: He advises her to recite “Allahu Akber” thirty four times, followed by “Alhamdulillah” thirty three times and “Subhanallah” thirty three times. She made a tasbee by knotting blue wool. Later she would use the earth from Now it is preferred to use clay from where Imam Husayn (pbuh) is buried. This comes to be known as the Tasbee of Fatima Zahra , a gift fro m Allah to Fatima (pbuh) to help her overcome her difficulties and hardships. Imam Sadiq (pbuh ) every wajib salaa is more loved than praying 1,000 rakats every Imam Sadiq (pbuh) of sitting) in wajib salaa; Allah forgives his/her sins him and makes Janna wajib
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