Warning against the Fitnah of Takfīr A Disbelief Less Than Disbelief . However the word al-Kufr in the language of the Book and the Sunnah does not always condition that you publicly proclaim Takfīr and declare someone’s apostasy
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1 Warning against the Fitnah of Takf r Original Title: Author: Mu amm a d N ir al – Din al – Alb n Translator : Abbas Abu Yahya Warning against t he Fitnah of Takf r By Mu ammad N ir al – Din al – Alb n For e w o rd .. .. .. 2 .. .. .. .. 3 The Principles of Understanding the Book and the Sunnah .. 5 A Dis belief Less T han Disbelief .. .. 1 3 The Relationship Between Takf r and Rebellion .. . 18 Making Takf r of Sinners i s Not Permissible .. .. .. 21 Purification and Education .. .. .. 2 6
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2 Foreword All p raise belongs to Allah , Lord of all the worlds . May His prayers and ble ssings be upon the final p rophet , Muhammad, his f amily, his c ompanions and all those who follow his way. From amongst the greatest blessings of Allah ( ) upon this nation is that He has placed wisdom in the hearts of the people of knowledge , j ust as one of the Salaf said , Whoever has many narrations, then he speaks with wisdom. And from amongst the people of knowledge of our time was the great scholar , the jurist , the religious authority, Shaykh Mu amm a ir al – Din al – m ay Allah h ave mercy on him. This book is an amended transcript of one of the many, many sittings with the illustrious scholar where h e was asked about the issue of . The sitting took place in Jordan. The transcript was amended by the scholar to make it suit able for print. We ask our Lord ( ) to make this work a beacon of light illuminating the path for those who have lost the way. We al so ask Him to reward our noble scholar, al – and place him in the hereafter among the ranks of the p rophets, the truthful , the martyrs , and the righteous, and they are the best of companions. The T ranslator (Abbas Abu Yahya)
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3 Indeed all p raise belongs to Allah . W e praise Him, we seek His aid, and we seek His forgiveness. We seek refuge i n Him from the evil of our selves and the evil of our actions. Whomever Allah guides there is none to misguide him, and who m ever Allah leaves astray then there is none that can guide him. I testify that there is none worthy of worship except Allah ( ) , a lone without any partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His slave and m essenger. Indeed the issue of (excommunication, condemnation) generally is not only for the ruler s, but it is also for the ruled. I t is an old and extensive F itnah (tribulation, evil) that was germinated by a sect from the Islam ic sects of old who were known as the K haw rij (Kharijites) . It is with great sadness that some of the callers to t he religion, or those who are too enthusiastic , have fallen outside the rea lm of t he Book and the Sunnah , ye t in the name of the Book and the Sunnah ! The reason for this goes back to two points: The first reason is that they are shallow in knowledge. The s econd reason is – and this point is very important – that they never un derstoo d the regulations of the Sharia , the Islamic legislation . The Sharia is the foundation of the true Islam ic propagation . All those who are outside the true Islam ic call are regarded as being from the deviated sects away from the mainstream community of Muslims which the
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4 m essenger of Allah ( ) praised in more than one (prophetic narration) . Regarding this mainstream community of Muslims , even our Lord ( ) mentioned it and explained that whomsoever left this communi ty has indeed broken away from Allah and His m essenger. That is the statement of Allah : And whosoever contradicts and opposes the m essenger after the right path has been clearly shown to him and follows other than the path of the believers , We shall keep him in the path he has chosen and burn him in Hell what an evil destination . [ – Nis ] So in deed Allah ( ) , for a reason that is very clear to the people of knowledge , did not s ummarize His statement by saying , And whosoever contradicts and opposes the Messenger after the right path has been clearly shown to h im , We shall keep him in the path Rather, Allah associat ed contradicting and opposing the m essenger with following a way other than the believers’ path. So, He said:
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5 And whosoever contradicts and opposes the messenger after the right path has been clearly shown to him and follows other than the path of the believers , We shall keep him in the path he has chosen and burn him in Hell what an evil destination. [ – Nis ] The Principle of Understanding the Book and the Sunnah So , following or not following the path of the b elievers is a very important matter in relation to complying with or denying that path. W hosoever follows the path of the b elievers, then he is successful with the Lord of the worlds , and whosoever differs from the path of the b elievers, then Hell is sufficient for him and what an evil destination. Fr om this point , numerous groups, old and new , deviated because they never suffice d themselves with adhering to the path of the b elievers. Instead, they rode on their own intelligence. T hey followed their own desires in trying to understand the Book and the Sunnah . Then they built upon their desires some very dangerous consequence s, and with that they left what the Salaf al – , the righteous preceding Muslims may Allah be pleased with all of them were upon. The m essenger ( ) empha sized this section of the noble verse : and f ollows other than the path of the believers
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6 He ( ) emphasized it i n eloquent terms in more than one authentic prophetic . These , of which I will mention some , are well – known amongst the general Muslims, not to mention the Muslim scholars . B ut what is unknown about these is that they direct one towards the obligation and necessity of adhering to the path of the b elievers in their under standing of the Book and Sunnah . T his point has been forgotten and its importance and necessity have been forgotten by many people specializing (in , not to mention those who have become known in these modern times as Jam a t a l – o r by some of those kinds of groups who atta ch themselves to Jihad, whereas in reality they are simply the scattered, defeated remnants of the (of old). From a mong st these types of people, there may be some who may very well in the dept hs of their hearts be righteous and sincere people . H ow ever, this alone is not sufficient for its possessor to be successful and for one to prosper with Allah ( ) . For this reason, it is necessary for a Muslim to combine two points: H aving truthful sincerity in ones intention with Allah ( ) . And f ollowing correctly what the p rophet ( ) was upon. It is not only sufficient for a Muslim to be sincere and serious in respect to acting with the Book and th e Sunnah and calling towards it. But in addition to this, his metho dology should be correct , good , and upright , and his methodology cannot be complete in itself
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8 rs. [ – Nis ] Therefore , those who primarily enter i nto the generality of this verse (for the meaning of : the c ompanions of the m essenger ( ) s ince t he m essenger ( ) was not cont ent in th e previous with just saying , What I am upon Perhaps this would actually be sufficient for the Muslim who truly unders tands the Book and the Sunnah . B ut he ( ) became a practical application of Allah saying, when Allah characterized H is p rophet that he was: With the b elievers , ( he is ) full of kindness and mercy . [ al – Tawbah, 9:128] It is from his ( ) perfect kindness and his complete mercy for his c o mpanions and his followers that he ( ) clearly illustrated for them the distin ction of the saved sect and indicated that the y are those people who are upon (the same methodology) the m essenger ( ) was upon and wh at his c ompanions were also upon after him.
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9 Therefore, i t is not allowed for Muslims generally and the callers to Islam specifically to remain content with simply understanding the Book and Sunnah by the means of understanding which are well known s uch as knowledge of the Arabic language, the knowledge of abrogated and abrogative texts and other such rules. But it is also n ecessary to re fer all of this back to what the c ompanions of the p rophet ( ) were upon . This is because they were , as is clear from their traditions and their biographies , the most sincere to Allah ( ) in worship. T hey had more of an understanding of the Book and the Sunnah than us , and many other pr aiseworthy characteristics with which they were shaped and cultivated to exquisite manners. Also w hat resembles this perfectly in respect to its fruits and benefits is the of the r ightly – g u ided caliphs which is narrated in the books of h from the narrat ion of al – Irb Ibn S r i yah ( ) . He said that t he m essenger of Allah ( ) gave the people an admonition which caused hearts to tremble and eyes to shed tears . So he ( al – Ibn S riyah ) aske It is a s if this is a farewell speech, so advise us , oh m essenger of Allah . He said: listen and obey even if an African slave rules over you, and indeed whomsoever from you lives will see many differences, so hold on to my Sunnah and the Sunnah of the r ightly – g uided caliphs after me . B ite onto it with you r molar teeth .
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10 The pr oof from this is also the same evidence from the answer of the m essenger ( ) to the previous question (about the seventy – three sects) i n that he co mpell ed his nation to follow the characteristics of his c ompanions due to their adherence to his Sunnah , and he said a nd the Sunnah of the r ightly – g uided caliphs Therefore, it is necessary for us especially with the circumstances as they are to constantly repeat always and forever this fundamental principle i f we intend t o understand our Aq dah (our creed and faith) , understand our worship, and understand our manners and behavior. It is necess ary for us to refer back to our righteous predecessors to understand all these matters which a re necessary for a Muslim to sincerely actualize withi n himself that he is from the s aved s ect. From this point , many of the sects of old and new have deviated when they did not pay heed to the evidence in the previous verse and to the significance of the of the Sunnah of the rightly – guided caliphs an d like wise the of the splitting of the nation . Therefore, it was completely natural that they deviated like those who deviated previously from the b ook of Allah and the Sunnah of the m essenger of Allah ( ) and the methodology o f the righteous predecessors . From those who deviated were the Khaw rij of old and of recent times.
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11 Indeed the foundation of the evils of in this era , rather since long ago, is concern ing the verse in the Quran which they always keep mentioni ng . It is the statement of Allah ( ) : And whosoever does not judge with what Allah has r evealed , they are the disbelievers. [ al – M So they take this verse without a deep understanding and they present it without detailed knowledge. We know that this noble verse has been repeated and ends with three different wordings : And whosoev er does not judge with what Allah has revealed, they are the disbelievers . [ al – M And whosoever does not judge with what Allah has revealed, they are the oppre ssors . [ al – M
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